Core case study- the adaptability of life on the earth
1.the earth's orbit is right distance from the sun(temperature)
2.the size of earth is also just right for life(gravitational mass引力質量)
3.two amazing features of planet are its biodiversity and sustainability
condense使冷凝,使凝結
enormously巨大地,龐大地
resilient彈回的;有彈力的
lethal致命的
4.1 what is biological evolution and how does it occur?
Biological evolution is the scientific explanation of how the earth's life changes over time
1. 4-100 million species come from biological evolution: gene change. theory of evolution
2. earth 4.7 billion years, life 3.7 billion years, human species 200 thousand years
化石.冰核.岩層中取得生物證據
演化（Evolution）又稱進化，在生物學中是指族群裡的遺傳性狀(genetic traits )在世代之間的變化。所謂性狀則是指基因的表現，這些基因在繁殖過程中，會經複製並傳遞到子代。wiki
2008/5/9鴨嘴獸的報導，提到演化的證據 指出鴨嘴獸在基因上是集合鳥類、爬蟲類與哺乳類動物之大成。牠在一億六千六百萬年前左右，開始與其他哺乳類分道揚鑣，但仍與人類、老鼠等遠親擁有八十二％相同的基因。自由電子報
生物演化
http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=-ONwp56pMBE&feature=related
化石(石化現象)
http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=G4jM2t3NHPA&feature=related
descended來自於
ancestral祖先的
ignite使燃燒
overdose藥劑過量
remarkable非凡的;卓越的
incredible不能相信的
despite儘管,任憑
mineralized礦化
petrified石化的
replica複製品
skeleton骨骼;骸骨
impression壓印;印記
herbivore食草動物
descended來自於
ancestral祖先的
ignite使燃燒
overdose藥劑過量
remarkable非凡的;卓越的
incredible不能相信的
despite儘管,任憑
mineralized礦化
petrified石化的
replica複製品
skeleton骨骼;骸骨
impression壓印;印記
herbivore食草動物
Cenozoic新生代的（地質年代表）
primitive遠古的;早期的
still more更多
the genetic makeup of a population can change
3.populations evlove by becoming genetically different
4.genetic variability occurs through mutation變種,突變(random mistake, external agent)
每個細胞都可能發生突變但僅有生殖細胞的突變可以遺傳到下一代 有時這種突變可使這些生物體有較多存活與繁殖機會
still more更多
the genetic makeup of a population can change
3.populations evlove by becoming genetically different
4.genetic variability occurs through mutation變種,突變(random mistake, external agent)
每個細胞都可能發生突變但僅有生殖細胞的突變可以遺傳到下一代 有時這種突變可使這些生物體有較多存活與繁殖機會
make-up構成;構造
mutation變種,突變
mutagen誘導有機體突變的因子
genetic trait遺傳特徵(性狀)
Individuals in populations with beneficial genetic traits can leave more offspring
5.natural selection發生在個體 evolution則發生在族群
6.adaptive trait適應性狀 and differential reproduction繁殖差異
7. face with change in envrionmental conditions, a population of a species has three possibilities: adapt適應, migrate遷移, become extinct滅絕.
8.the process of biological evolution by natural selection 可摘要簡化為: 基因突變.個體選擇.族群演化當環境改變時具有較佳的存活與繁殖適應力
genetic traits 遺傳性狀
heritable會遺傳的
Science focus-- how did we become such a powerful species?
9.strong opposable thumbs可對立的拇指, ability to walk upright直立行走, complex brain複雜頭腦.
deficiency不足,缺乏
twitch猛拉,急扯
Populations of different species compete to change their genes and leave the most offspring
9. coevolution共同演化(協同進化) bat and moth story
bat蝙蝠
moth蛾
echolocation回波定位
pulse脈衝;脈衝波
sonic聲音的
countermeasure對策
evasively逃避地
click卡嗒聲,喀嚓聲
jam干擾
prey被捕食的動物
predator食肉動物;掠奪者
mutagen誘導有機體突變的因子
genetic trait遺傳特徵(性狀)
Individuals in populations with beneficial genetic traits can leave more offspring
5.natural selection發生在個體 evolution則發生在族群
6.adaptive trait適應性狀 and differential reproduction繁殖差異
7. face with change in envrionmental conditions, a population of a species has three possibilities: adapt適應, migrate遷移, become extinct滅絕.
8.the process of biological evolution by natural selection 可摘要簡化為: 基因突變.個體選擇.族群演化當環境改變時具有較佳的存活與繁殖適應力
genetic traits 遺傳性狀
heritable會遺傳的
Science focus-- how did we become such a powerful species?
9.strong opposable thumbs可對立的拇指, ability to walk upright直立行走, complex brain複雜頭腦.
deficiency不足,缺乏
twitch猛拉,急扯
Populations of different species compete to change their genes and leave the most offspring
9. coevolution共同演化(協同進化) bat and moth story
bat蝙蝠
moth蛾
echolocation回波定位
pulse脈衝;脈衝波
sonic聲音的
countermeasure對策
evasively逃避地
click卡嗒聲,喀嚓聲
jam干擾
prey被捕食的動物
predator食肉動物;掠奪者
