2008年11月18日 星期二

9.5 What is reconciliation ecology?

We can share places we dominate with other species
midst在...之中
enterprise企業
set aside留出;撥出
desperate危急的
reconciliation和解,和好

There ary many ways to implement reconciliation ecology
insecticide 殺蟲劑
pesticide殺蟲劑
municipal自治都市的
lawn草坪,草地
bluebird藍知更鳥
sparrow麻雀
starling歐掠鳥
restore恢復
yard 院子;天井;庭院
lawnmower割草機
contest競賽,比賽
experimentation實驗

Case study- the blackfoot challenge - reconciliation ecology in action
grizzly bear灰熊
trout鱒魚
gumweed
cherish珍愛
spawn造成,釀成
perpetual永久的;長期的
easement地役權
charter 憲章


9.4 How can we protect wild species from premature extinction?

International treaties can help protect species
treaty條約,協定
convention公約,協定
convention on international trade in endangered species華盛頓公約全名為'瀕臨絕種野生動植物國際貿易公約' CITES.
live specimen活標本
enforcement實施,執行
convicted證明...有罪
violator違背者
exempt免除,豁免
ratify批准;認可
reverse使倒轉;使反向
invasive species 入侵種
penalty處罰

Case study- controversy over the U.S. endangered species act
amend修訂
controversial爭論的
fund提供(事業,活動等的)資金
authorize批准,認可;允許
jeopardize危及
impose把...強加於
imperiled使陷於危險
designated標出;指定
peregrine遊隼
shipment裝載的貨物
confiscate沒收,將...充公
prosecute對...起訴
herpes B virus猴庖疹病毒
macaque獼猴
salmonella 沙門氏菌
hamster倉鼠
iguanas鬣蜥蜴
ingest 嚥下
entangled被纏住的
choke使窒息;哽住
drowning把...淹死
ingredient原料
tortoiseshell龜甲
flipper 腳蹼
enforce實施,執行
compensate補償,賠償
hard data具體數據
notification通知;通告
secretary of interior內政部長
meager不足的
streamlined有效率的
weasel逃避;推諉

Science focus- accomplishments of the endangered species act
desperate危急的;絕望的
shoestring資金極少的;小規模的
gutting損毀
doing away摒棄
U.S. National academy of science美國國家科學院

We can establish wildlife refuges and other protected areas
wildlife refuge野生動物保護區
pelican鵜鶘
sanctuary庇護所,避難所
waterfowl水鳥;水禽
key deer凱鹿
trumpeter swan野天鵝
setting aside設置

Gene banks, botanical gardens, and wildlife farms can help protect species
mishap不幸事故;災難
arboreta植物園

Zoos and aquariums can help protect some species
egg uplling
captive breeding圈養繁殖
condor兀鷹
inbreeding使同系繁殖
foster培養,促進
notion概念;想法
proponent擁護者
counter反擊
feasible可行的;可實行的
I assure you 我向你保證

2008年11月16日 星期日

9.3 How do humans accelerate species extinction?

Loss of Habitate is the single greatest threat to species: remember HIPPCO
acronym 首字母縮略字
endemic某地特有的
disperse傳播;散發
poaching偷獵;偷捕

Some deliberately introduced species can disrupt ecosystem
deliberately故意地,蓄意地
poultry家禽
upheaval 動亂;激變;劇變
reshuffling重洗(牌);改革;改組
pathogen病原體

Case study - the kudzu vine
kudzu【植】葛
herbicide除草劑
rampant蔓延的;猖獗的
prolific多產的,多育
engulf吞沒;捲入
menace威脅
starch澱粉
confection調製
herbal草本的
remedy治療;治療法;藥物
preliminary預備的;初步的
binge狂飲
ingesting攝取;吸收
lessen變小,變少;減輕

Some accidentally introductiond species can also disrupt ecosystems
downside不利
stowaway逃票乘客;偷渡者
ballast壓艙物,壓載物
hkitchiker搭便車的旅行者
crate條板箱
tread (輪胎的)胎面;鞋底
harbor避難所,躲藏處
shipload 船貨
lumber木材,木料
swarm (昆蟲等的)群
mound土墩
fawn (未滿一歲的)幼鹿
allergic過敏的
venom毒液
fragile虛弱的
crop嚙
Burmese緬甸的 
python 蟒;巨蛇
girth (樹乾、腰身等的)圍長,周長
telephone pole 電話線杆

Prevention is the best way to reduce threats from invasive species
sterilize使無菌,消毒
bait 
brush 刷,拂
gear工具;設備

Population growth, overconsumption, pollution, and climate change can cause species extinctions
pesticide殺蟲劑
honeybee colony集群;群體
pelican鵜鶘
plummet筆直落下
magnify放大,擴大
hard hit沉重打擊
nesting pair築巢一雙

illegally killing or capturing and selling wild species can treaten them
pelt (動物的)生皮;毛皮
imperial Amazon macaw帝王亞馬遜鸚鵡
roam漫步;漫遊;流浪
Bengal孟加拉
rug小地毯;毛皮地毯
skyrocket使猛然上漲
curtail縮減,削減
parrot鸚鵡
inhaling吸入
bird dander禽流皮屑
squeeze榨出,擠出
poisonous 有毒的;有害的
cyanide氰化物
stun使昏迷
cacti (cactus)
crested saguaro cactus有冠毛的巨型仙人掌
rustler偷牛賊;盜馬賊
soar升騰
survive倖存;殘留
hyacinth 
macaw金剛鸚鵡
hornbill犀鳥
vest授予,賦予(權力,財產等)

The rising demand for bush meat threatens some african species
bush meat叢林肉,野生動物
orangutan猩猩
butchering屠宰
rodent齧齒目動物
cane rat甘蔗鼠

9.2 Why should we care about preventing species extinction?

Species are a vital part of the earth's natural captial
it will take 5-10 million years for natural speciation to rebuild the biodiversity we are likely to destory during your lifetime.
物種的價值:instrumental value(economic ,ecological services, genetic information, recreational pleasure).
the value of eco-tourism
fuss大驚小怪;小題大作
ailment 病痛
ingredient組成部分
synthetically以合成方法

Are we ethically obligated to prevent premature extinction?
intrinsic or existence value存在價值
master-piece傑作,名作,絕無僅有的人(或事物,行為)
crucible嚴酷的考驗