2008年11月16日 星期日

9.3 How do humans accelerate species extinction?

Loss of Habitate is the single greatest threat to species: remember HIPPCO
acronym 首字母縮略字
endemic某地特有的
disperse傳播;散發
poaching偷獵;偷捕

Some deliberately introduced species can disrupt ecosystem
deliberately故意地,蓄意地
poultry家禽
upheaval 動亂;激變;劇變
reshuffling重洗(牌);改革;改組
pathogen病原體

Case study - the kudzu vine
kudzu【植】葛
herbicide除草劑
rampant蔓延的;猖獗的
prolific多產的,多育
engulf吞沒;捲入
menace威脅
starch澱粉
confection調製
herbal草本的
remedy治療;治療法;藥物
preliminary預備的;初步的
binge狂飲
ingesting攝取;吸收
lessen變小,變少;減輕

Some accidentally introductiond species can also disrupt ecosystems
downside不利
stowaway逃票乘客;偷渡者
ballast壓艙物,壓載物
hkitchiker搭便車的旅行者
crate條板箱
tread (輪胎的)胎面;鞋底
harbor避難所,躲藏處
shipload 船貨
lumber木材,木料
swarm (昆蟲等的)群
mound土墩
fawn (未滿一歲的)幼鹿
allergic過敏的
venom毒液
fragile虛弱的
crop嚙
Burmese緬甸的 
python 蟒;巨蛇
girth (樹乾、腰身等的)圍長,周長
telephone pole 電話線杆

Prevention is the best way to reduce threats from invasive species
sterilize使無菌,消毒
bait 
brush 刷,拂
gear工具;設備

Population growth, overconsumption, pollution, and climate change can cause species extinctions
pesticide殺蟲劑
honeybee colony集群;群體
pelican鵜鶘
plummet筆直落下
magnify放大,擴大
hard hit沉重打擊
nesting pair築巢一雙

illegally killing or capturing and selling wild species can treaten them
pelt (動物的)生皮;毛皮
imperial Amazon macaw帝王亞馬遜鸚鵡
roam漫步;漫遊;流浪
Bengal孟加拉
rug小地毯;毛皮地毯
skyrocket使猛然上漲
curtail縮減,削減
parrot鸚鵡
inhaling吸入
bird dander禽流皮屑
squeeze榨出,擠出
poisonous 有毒的;有害的
cyanide氰化物
stun使昏迷
cacti (cactus)
crested saguaro cactus有冠毛的巨型仙人掌
rustler偷牛賊;盜馬賊
soar升騰
survive倖存;殘留
hyacinth 
macaw金剛鸚鵡
hornbill犀鳥
vest授予,賦予(權力,財產等)

The rising demand for bush meat threatens some african species
bush meat叢林肉,野生動物
orangutan猩猩
butchering屠宰
rodent齧齒目動物
cane rat甘蔗鼠