The earth's life-support system has four major components
1. four main spherical system: atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere地圈, biosphere.
2. liquid water, ice, water vaper
3. core, mantle, crust. def lithosphere
4. the goal of ecology is to understand the interaction in the biosphere(air, water, soil, and organisms)
spherical球的;球面的
envelope氣囊
methane甲烷,沼氣
stretching使延伸
sunscreen遮光劑
permafrost永久凍土(層)
Life exits on land and in water
5. classified the terrestrail portion of the biosphere into biomes(forests, deserts, and grasslands)
6. classified the watery parts of the biosphere into aquatic life zone(freshwater life zones, marine life zones)
biome最大的地理生物單位，對環境條件有相似要求的植物和動物的大群落。包括不同的生物群落和群落的各個發展階段，並按占優勢的植被類型命名，如草原或針葉林。若干類似的生物群落組成一個生物群落類型，如溫帶落葉林生物群落類型包括亞洲、歐洲和北美洲的落葉林生物群落。在歐洲，對生物群落的標準用詞是「大生活帶」（major life zone）。-大英簡明百科
terrestrial陸地的
biome生物社會
39th parallel緯度39度
spanning橫跨
scrub灌木叢
prairie大草原
Three factors sustain life on earth
7. the oneway flow of high-energy form the sun.(the first and second law of thermodynamatics)
8. the cycling of matter or nutrients (the law of conservation of matter)
9. gravity
enable使能夠
What happens to solar energy reaching the earth?
10. 1% incoming energy generates winds
11. less than 0.1% income energy produce nutrients through photosynthesis.
12. natural greenhouse effect, human-enhanced global warming. (water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone)
immense巨大的
helium氦
vastness廣闊;龐大
flesh肉
nitrous氮的
intercepted攔截
spanning橫跨
scrub灌木叢
prairie大草原
Three factors sustain life on earth
7. the oneway flow of high-energy form the sun.(the first and second law of thermodynamatics)
8. the cycling of matter or nutrients (the law of conservation of matter)
9. gravity
enable使能夠
What happens to solar energy reaching the earth?
10. 1% incoming energy generates winds
11. less than 0.1% income energy produce nutrients through photosynthesis.
12. natural greenhouse effect, human-enhanced global warming. (water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone)
immense巨大的
helium氦
vastness廣闊;龐大
flesh肉
nitrous氮的
intercepted攔截
