2-4 , 2-5

2-4 What is energy and how can it change its form?

energy comes in many forms
1.def energy: capacity能力 to do work or transfer heat.
2. two type of energy: kinetic energy(moving engery), stored energy(potential energy)
3. kinetic energy: moving matter, heat, electromagnetic radition
4. potential energy
propelling推動
kinetic運動的
substance物質
motion運動,移動
object物體
unlit未被點燃的

Some types of energy are more useful than others
5. energy quality
capacity能量,生產力

Energy changes are governed by two scientific laws
6. thermodynamic熱力學
7. law of conservation of energy (the first law of thermodynamics)
8. second law fo thermodynamics: when energy changes from one form to another, we always end up with lower quality or less usable energy than we started with.
9. energy efficiency
violation違反;違背
filament白熱絲,燈絲
incandescent熾熱的,白熱的
appliance器具,用具;裝置,設備

2-5 How can we use matter and energy more sustainably?

Today's advanced industrialized societies waste enormous amounts of matter and energy
10. high-throughput生產量(high-waste)economies
11. planetary sinks 地球污水坑
enormous巨大的,龐大的
outline概述,略述
planetary sinks

We can shift to matter-recycling and reuse economies
12. matter recycling and reuse economy
indefinitely無定限地

We can use scientific lessons form nature to shift to more sustainable societies
13. low-throughput(low-waste) economy