17.1 p401-5

chapter17 Environmental economics, politics, and worldwiews

Rescuing a river-core case study
人物Marion Stoddart
地點Nashua river.Groton, Massachusetts
時間1960s
事件restoring the Nashua and establishing public parklands along its banks. one-on-one persuasion. power broker . state (ban), federl(fund, grant), communities(park and woodland), water treatment plants, fish and wildlife, canoeing and recreation.
a committed individual can do to bring about change form the bottom up by getting people to work together. (politics)
filthiest最不潔的
bob上下震動
pigment顏料
petition請願書
materialize具體化
mound一堆
testimony證據,證明;表徵
spearheading先鋒
time-honored長久有名聲的

17-1.How are economic systems related to the bioshpere?

Economic systems are supported by three types of resources.
1. def economics , market-based economic system.
2. 三種資源(資本)用來生產貨物與服務:

natural resources(capital), human resources(capital), manufactured resources(capital)

Economists disagree over the importance of natural resources
3. neoclassical economist, ecological economists, environmental economists(對自然資源重要性.經濟成長有不同的看法)
4. 社會經濟成長並保持環境永續只有當這種經濟發展是有利於環境的基礎上 eco-economy
5. 由unlimited economic growth轉向eco-economy的策略a. health monitor, b. full-cost pricing, c. eco-labeling, d. subsidy shifting, e. tax shifting, f. innovation-friendly regulation, g. tradable permits, h. sell services instand of things
indispensable不可或缺
live off靠..維生
composting堆肥
no-till cultivation不整地耕作
innovation-friendly創新友好

tradable permits 許可權交易
marketplace市集