17.6 p425-8

17.6 How can we live more sustainably?

We can become more environmentally literate
1. key goals of seeking environmental literacy(7)
literacy: ability to read and write.
literacy: the quality or state of being literate.
(Webster):1.characterized by or possessed of learning.2.versed or immersed in literature or creative writing.3.well executed or technically proficient.
(Oxford):acquainted with letters or literature, educated, instructed, learned.
可見Literacy一詞狹義的意義只是指讀和寫的能力，而廣義的意義則包含了一個人受教的狀況以及一般的技能。我們認為，Literacy一詞，若譯為「識能」，當更能表現其涵義。隨著社會的演變，個人為適應社會生活所需具備的基本識能也有所不同，但我們可以將其概分為兩類。第一類為傳統的識能，即所謂conventional literacy，包括了讀、寫、算和辨識記號的基本能力。第二類為功能性的識能，即所謂functional literacy，意指個人為經營家庭和社會生活及從事經濟活動所需的基本技能；也可以定義為一個群體為其成員能達到其自我設定的目標而所需的基本能力【Lyman, 1990】。摘自:張一蕃:資訊時代之國民素養與教育
环境素养是人通过后天的学习而获得和形成的关于人类生存环境的知识、意识、行为的总和。人类的环境素养是随着其对人地关系认识的不断深入而发展的。不同历史时期人们的环境意识具有不同的特点。环境素养测评是随着环境保护运动兴起而产生的，环境素养测评要素主要涉及环境知识、环境态度和环境行为的测评。摘自:曾昭鹏(2004)环境素养的理论与测评研究——以高师学生环境素养测评为例
2. major components of environmental literacy(18)
3. ecological identity(4)
4. common mental traps(4)
literate文化素養
reverence敬愛,崇敬;敬畏
overfilled裝到滿溢
foster培養,促進
apathy冷淡;漠不關心
pessimism悲觀,悲觀情緒
technofixes技術性處理
paralysis停頓
trap陷阱
immobilizing使不動
despair絕望

We can learn from nature
5. the natural have economic, ecological, aesthetic, and spiritual value
6. not only lake of environmental literacy but also lake of intimacy with nature
7. our life is searching for roots(find a sense of place)
8. the green fire that burns in our harts(Aldo Leopold)
aesthetic美學的
intimacy熟悉;親密;親近
armor盔甲
insulate隔離;使孤立
kindle點燃;燃起
awe敬畏
mystery神祕的事物
teeming充滿的
bewildering使迷路
least最小的;最少的
heal治癒;使恢復健康
tap into進入

Some affluent people are choosing to live more simply
9. basic needs and wants
10. happiness
2006英國智庫「新經濟基金會」與環保組織「地球之友」發布「快樂星球指數（Happy PlanetIndex, HPI）」對全球178個國家及地區進行幸福與快樂排名。不富裕的太平洋島國萬那杜幸福快樂度排名第一；高所得國家排名反而落後；台灣排名第84位，高於香港第88位、南韓第102位及新加坡第131位，在亞洲四小龍中拿下第一。經建會分析，HPI調查結果顯示二個重要涵義，首先是國家富裕程度與人民幸福感覺，無強烈正相關關係，換句話說，富國未必幸福，窮國也未必不快樂。The Happy Planet Index is an innovative new measure that shows the ecological efficiency with which human well-being is delivered.It is the first ever index to combine environmental impact with human well-being to measure the environmental efficiency with which country by country, people live long and happy lives.
11. what most people really want is more community, not more stuff
12. voluntary simplicity (聖雄甘地 principle of enoughness)
13. religious leader and members of all faiths
meager 不足的;貧乏的
excessively 過度地
folly 愚蠢;愚笨
community共同社會;共同體
stuff 物品,東西
Mahatma Gandhi 聖雄甘地
abstain 避免;避開
acquisitiveness 利慾心
whosoever =whoever無論誰
craving渴望
sorrow悲痛,悲哀
downsizing縮減開支
ethic倫理

Some people are choosing to live more lightly on the earth
14. sustainability dozen-key ways
生產1公斤的肉=排放36.4公斤的二氧化碳
1人1天不吃肉=減少7公斤二氧化碳排放=1顆大樹(20年生喬木)半個月的減碳量
lightly少量地
aspect方面,觀點
plug把...塞住,堵塞

We can bring about a sustainability revolution during your lifetime
15. environmental or sustainability revolution
16. a. biodiversity protection, b. efficiency, c. energy transformation, d. pollution preventiion, e. sufficiency, f. demographic equilibrium, g. economic and poltical transformation
spun編造,虛構spin
marvelous非凡的;不可思議的
drain耗盡